Which reaction begins the calvin cycle?

a. splitting of water

b. carbon fixation

c. formation of an "excited" electron

d. formation of nadph

Which of the following is a consequence of urban heat islands? increased precipitation downwind of the city? increased precipitation upwind of the city? decreased winds within the city? increased winds within the city?

Describe how a non-resistant staphylococcus aureus bacterium can produce a bacterium that is resistant to methicillin

In general, are there any major differences that you can see? explain