Membrane proteins called pumps use energy to move hydrogen ions to one side of the membrane. Which term describes the difference between the numbers of hydrogen ions on opposite side of the membrane?

Difference between the numbers of hydrogen ions on opposite side of the membrane is described by the term electrochemical gradient.

Explanation:

The electrochemical gradient refers to the amount of electrically charged ions found in two spaces separated by a membrane, as is the case with ions in the extracellular and intracellular spaces. In this case, hydrogen ions generate a gradient both by their chemical concentration and by the electric charge that such concentration implies.

An electrochemical gradient can be generated:

The use of a protein that pumps hydrogen ions is due to the fact that, sometimes, the ions must move against an electrochemical gradient.

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