The bacterium Vibrio cholerae causes the disease cholera. Infected people have such severe diarrhea, that they may lose as much as 20 L of fluid in a 24 hour period. The bacterium enters the body when a person drinks contaminated water, then attaches to the intestinal lining. During its metabolic activities, it secretes a compound that is toxic to cells of the lining, and they start secreting chloride ions. Sodium ions follow the chloride ions into the fluid in the intestines. Explain how this sequence of events causes the massive fluid losses.

80 pts the type of cloud shown here may produce heavy rainfall. this type of cloud most likely occurs in an area of the sub-saharan that is a) often dry. b) often wet. c) very windy. d) usually cool.

4.06 hc)a five-year review of threats to the southern resident orca population of the united states concluded that the top threats were prey availability, contaminants, and effects from recreational and whale watching vessels. further down the list are oil spills, disease, and effects from commercial vessels not targeting whales. how might this list be different if it were for transient whale populations, which have a larger average population size and live farther offshore in open waters? a)the transient population is more likely to be affected by contaminants. b)the transient population is less likely to be affected by whale watching vessels. c)the transient population is more likely to be affected by disease. d)the transient population is less likely to be affected by prey availability.

Which of the following lines of evidence would best support your assertion that a particular plant is an angiosperm? a) it produces seeds. b) it retains its fertilized egg within its archaegonium. c) it lacks gametangia. d) it undergoes alternation of generations.