31. In a lake ecosystem the food chain for trout species contains 27,000kcal at the algae producer trophic level. How many kcal are found in the secondary consumer trophic level for minnows.

100 dollars because yeah

the answer is b.) hydrogen bonds between bases.

i think that is new experiments yield untrustworthy data and should be carefully considered, because you don't know what will happen with the experiments.

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.