Using library or Internet resources, identify the missing element, and describe why it is important to human health. Explain why the lack of this element causes cretinism in children and goiter in adults. Explain why goiter is reversible, but cretinism is not.

The study of a living being is called biology.

The correct answer is iodine.

Cretinism and the goiter is a disease that is caused by the deficiency of iodine.

The iodine is important for the functioning of the hormone Thymoxin.

Cretinism occurs in children due to the lack of iodine and it is reversible due to the active production of hormones by the thymus.

The goiter occurs in the adult and is irreversible due to inactive working of the gland thymus.

Hence, the answer is mentioned above.

For more information, refer to the link:-

link

The lack of iodine causes cretinism in children and goiter in adults is discussed below in details.

Explanation:

The harmful impact of iodine deficiency on the mental and physical improvement of children as well as on the fertility of adults has been acknowledged. The neurological sequelae of iodine deficiency are interfered with by thyroid hormone deficiency. Iodine insufficiency in later stages of life effects goiter generally seen in the low iodine intake region.

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.