In which form of reproduction does the offspring grow specifically from the stem or root of a plant? 1. budding
2.fragmentation
3. binary fission
4.vegetative reproduction

In vegetative reproduction , the offspring grow specifically from the stem or root of a plant.

Explanation:

Asexual reproduction creates people genetically identical to the parent plant. Vegetative reproduction occurs in roots such as corms, stem tubers, rhizomes and stolons. Some plants may produce seeds through apomixis without fertilization, where new seeds are produced by the ovule or ovary.

BUDDING-: Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which, due to cell division at one specific location, a new organism grows from an outgrowth or bud. A bud is called the tiny bulb-like projection coming out of the yeast cell. The newly created organism is a clone, because reproduction is asexual, and except for mutations, it is genetically identical to the parent organism.

Hence , this option is not true .

FRAGMENTATION-: In many species, such as filamentous cyanobacteria, molds, lichens, many plants, and animals such as sponges, acoel flatworms, some annelid worms, and sea stars, fragmentation, also known as fracturing, is used as a form of reproduction.

Thus , this option is incorrect.

BINARY FISSION-: Binary fission, asexual replication into two new bodies through the division of the body. In the binary fission process, an organism duplicates its genetic material, or deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA), and then splits it into two pieces (cytokinesis), with one copy of DNA obtained from each new organism.

Thus, this option is also incorrect.

VEGETATIVE REPRODUCTION-:Vegetative reproduction, any type of asexual reproduction occurring in plants where a new plant originates from a parent plant fragment or originates from a specialized reproductive structure (e.g., stolon, rhizome, tuber, corm, or bulb).

Hence , this is the correct option.

Thus , the correct answer is option - 4 (vegetative reproduction)