All living things have certain characteristics. The genetic code carries the directions for inheritance, and offspring usually resemble their parents. With , offspring have the same traits as their parents. With , offspring differ from their parents in some ways. Living organisms use energy and materials to grow, develop, and reproduce. These life processes involve a set of chemical reactions called . Organisms have means of detecting a change in their environment and responding to this . Most organisms require that their internal environments remain in a fairly constant range, and so they maintain . The ability of a group of organisms to change, or , over time is necessary for survival in an ever-changing environment.

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Explanation:

All living things have certain characteristics. The genetic code carries the directions for inheritance, and offspring usually resemble their parents. With asexual reproduction, offspring have the same traits as their parents. With sexual reproduction, offspring differ from their parents in some ways. Living organisms use energy and materials to grow, develop, and reproduce. These life processes involve a set of chemical reactions called metabolic reactions. Organisms have means of detecting a change in their environment and responding to this stimuli. Most organisms require that their internal environments remain in a fairly constant range, and so they maintain homeostasis. The ability of a group of organisms to change, or evolve, over time is necessary for survival in an ever-changing environment.

Sexual reproduction involves crossing over of genetic materials between non-homologous chromosomes during gamete formation unlike in asexual reproduction. Hence, offspring from sexual reproduction differ from their parents to an extent while those from asexual reproduction are clones of their parents genetically.

Life is generally sustained by chemical processes known as metabolic reactions. Substances are constantly being formed (anabolic) and being broken down (catabolic) within the body of living organisms.

Organisms respond to stimuli in their environment. They are equipped with means to detect changes and act accordingly. Most living organisms are required to maintain a relatively constant internal environment. The process of doing this is known as homeostasis. Organisms need to constantly evolve in order to keep up with ever-changing environment.

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measuring light intensity

light meters can be used to measure light intensity. the meter is held at the soil surface and pointed in the direction of the maximum light intensity, and then the meter is read.

errors can be made when measuring light intensity by accidentally shading the light meter. the reliability of the results can be checked by taking many samples.