Adenine methylase is an enzyme used during mismatch repair (MMR). It helps determine which strand needs to be repaired by discriminating between template and new DNA strand. If this enzyme is mutated, how would MMR be affected

The correct answer would be - MMR would be hindered because both strands would be unmethylated and both would appear as new DNA strands and it would not be able to determine which strand has the error .

Explanation:

In gene expression or DNA replication, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of DNA from nucleoside triphosphate causes errors sometimes such as mismatch base pair that result in a change in genetic makeup.

For MMR, the DNA template and the strand formed required easily to be differentiated. As the newly synthesized strand is unmethylated and the DNA template strand is methylated results in DNA remain hemimethylated for a very short period.

After MMR, DNA adenine methylase enzyme that transfers a methyl group to the adenine of the sequence 5'-GATC-3' daughter strand formed.

Mutated DAM or DNA adenine methylase will not be able to transfer methyl group which leaves both template and daughter strands unmethylated and mismatch repair would be hindered as it will not be able to identify.

the answer is:

carbon dioxide

estuaries are the partially enclosed coastal bodies of brackish water formed at the mouth of sea where river meets an ocean. it is a transition zone between river and sea water so estuaries are influenced to both marine environment such as tides, waves and to riverine such as flow of fresh water and sediments. the mixing of sea and fresh water provide high level of nutrients, making estuaries a high product habitats.

many estuaries suffers degradation from a variety of human activities like erosion from deforestation, overgrazing, overfishing, drainage and eutrophication.

so from the above statement answers will be

1. false as estuaries are formed due to both brackish and freshwater.

2.true, due to high productivity estuaries are breeding ground for many marine species.

3. direct and indirect activities of man that contribute to pollution and deposition of sediments.