How do i do this? right answers only please Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that affects the red blood cells. Your red blood cells are typically donut shaped
and have the job of carrying oxygen around your body. In people with sickle cell anemia, the blood cells become
crescent-shaped and are thick and sticky. They are not as able to carry oxygen, and can even get clogged in the blood
vessels blocking the flow of blood, and therefore oxygen to organs, causing pain and organ damage.
Sickle cell is caused by a genetic mutation that changes a single glutamic acid to valine in the 6 th amino acid position.
A) Examine the codon chart provided above (for #s 3-5), and determine what mutation likely occurred to cause the
change from glutamic acid (GLU) to valine (VAL). To help get you started, it is helpful to know that a person with
NO sickle cell at amino acid #6 has a DNA code of CTC. (4pts)
Normal RNA: , Normal amino acid made:
Mutated RNA: , Mutated amino acid made:
What type of mutation is this?

B) Your blood is a solution with water and blood cells. Red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin.
Normally, hemoglobin is hydrophilic. However, in a person with sickle cell anemia, the hemoglobin on the red
blood cells forms long chains in an effort to avoid water. These chains clump together, which results in the
sickle shape of the cells. (Sickle Cell Disease)
If Glutamic acid (GLU) is a polar, hydrophilic molecule, what would you suspect is different about Valine (VAL)?
(3pts)

C) This mutation is a recessive trait. What is the likelihood that a woman who does not possess the sickle cell trait
and a man who is a carrier of the sickle cell trait will have a child who suffers from sickle cell anemia? Explain
your answer. (4pts)