The process of transporting materials in a cell involves a positive change in the amount of free energy in the cell. Which of the following best describes how this process affects the cell? The process is non-spontaneous and causes an increase in entropy.
The process is non-spontaneous and moves the cell away from equilibrium.
The process is spontaneous and can be used to do work in the cell.
The process is spontaneous and releases heat to the cell's surroundings.

The process is non-spontaneous and moves the cell away from equilibrium

Explanation:

A spontaneous reaction or process is one that moves a system toward equilibrium while a non-spontaneous reaction moves a system away from the equilibrium.

A nonspontaneous reaction is a reaction that does not favor the formation of products at the given set of conditions and in order for a reaction to be nonspontaneous, it must be endothermic, accompanied by a decrease in entropy, or both. Our atmosphere is composed primarily of a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen gases