According to the central dogma, ___ ORNA may be reverse transcribed into DNA
O RNA is translated to protein
O DNA is translated to RNA

Birds, bats and humans all have a vertebral column. a) if you group birds, bats and humans in one clade and leave out other apes and mammals, what type of group would they form (monophyletic, paraphyletic, polyphyletic)? explain b) what do we call a trait like presence of vertebral column within bats, birds and humans (synapomorphy (shared derived trait), symplesiomorphy (shared ancestral trait), homoplasy)? explain. c) what other organisms would you have to include in this clade in order to have a monophyletic group?