A genetic mutation causes a disease when the the DNA encodes is altered such that it no longer functions properly. Errors during can cause genetic problems with the resulting germ cells. Down syndrome is caused by three copies of chromosome 21, also known as 21. A silent mutation is a change in the DNA that does not change the encoded , and has no phenotypic effect.

Apopulation has 1000 individuals. over a period of 1 year, 500 newindividuals are born. which equation shows how to calculate the birthrate ofthis population? a. 500 - 1000 = 0.5b. 1000 x 0.5 = 500c. 1000 - 500 = 2d. 1000 + 500 = 1500

Coquina, a type of limestone, forms from shell fragments that settle on the ocean floor. what type of rock is coquina?

Approximately 90% of all cases of polycystic kidney disease are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. the disease is typically related to mutations to genes (pkd1 and pkd2). pkd genes can be found on chromosome 16. the disease occurs in approximately 1: 800 to 1: 1000 people. here is a hypothetical example. the dominant allele d will cause the development of pkd. the recessive allele is known as d. what genotypes would correspond to suffering from pkd? dd, dd what genotypes would correspond to being normal (not suffering from pkd)? dd consider that 1: 1,000 people have pkd in your population of 325million. consider that pkd is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. show you math for all of the following questions: what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is p? what is q? how many people in your population would have pkd?