1 Which statement about the relationship between an organism's traits and its genes is true? A.
An organism's genes are a direct result of its inherited traits.
B.
Genes code for proteins that determine an organism's traits.
C.
Traits code for the proteins that determine an organism's genes.
D.
Genes code for the DNA that determines an organism's traits.
2. A mutation occurs in a sequence of DNA. How could the DNA mutation affect the protein produced?
A.
The chromosomes in the protein could be changed.
B.
The protein would cause other proteins to mutate.
C.
The structure of the protein could be changed.
D.
The mutation could change every protein in the cell.

1. The true statement about the relationship between an organism's traits and its genes is that genes encode the proteins that determine an organism's traits (option B).

2. A DNA mutation can cause the structure of the protein to be changed (option C).

Explanation:

DNA contains the genetic information necessary for the structure and function of living beings. It is a molecule that, once transcribed into mRNA, dictates the rules for protein synthesis.

1. Chromosomes are composed of a DNA molecule, whose segments form the genes that contain specific base sequences to determine a trait.

The information from the DNA is transcribed into the mRNA, which is responsible for carrying it to the cytoplasm where protein synthesis occurs. These proteins formed from the genetic code determine the different traits in living beings. So, genes encode the proteins that determine an organism's traits.

2. Since the DNA contains the information needed to transcribe it into the mRNA and for the mRNA to initiate protein synthesis, any alteration in the DNA base sequence -due to mutation- can be produced:

There is a relationship between the DNA mutation and the structure of the protein being changed.