Density-dependent factors differ from density-independent factors in which of the
following ways?

Density-dependent regulation can be affected by factors that affect birth and death rates such as competition and predation. Density-independent regulation can be affected by factors that affect birth and death rates such as abiotic factors and environmental factors, i.e. severe weather and conditions such as fire.

1. efficient use of space

2. elimination of groundwater contamination

3. energy generation

4. lower carbon footprint