When animal and plants die, microorganisms, fungi and insects are responsible for decomposition. These organisms also respire. Show an arrow on the diagram to indicate respiration by decomposer. Scientists are concerned that melting glaciers are exposing long frozen animals. When the ice melts, the animals thaw and begin to decompose. How will this affect the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere?

Assume that you are interested in separating short (200-400 bp) dna molecules from a pool of longer molecules in the 10,000-20,000 nucleotide range. you have two recipes for making your polyacrylamide gels: one recipe uses 1.5 percent agarose and would be considered a “hard gel,” while the other uses 0.5 percent agarose and would be considered a loose gel. which gel should you use to separate the short (200-400 bp) dna molecules from a pool of longer molecules in the 10,000-20,000 nucleotide range?