11 The electron transport chain is a group of compounds that pass an electron from one to another coupled with the transfer of proton across a membrane to create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis/creation. True
False

12 is the green pigment found in the chloroplasts of higher plants, which is primarily involved in absorbing light energy for photosynthesis?

the sphincter muscles at the end of the digestive tract is the anus.

sheep is a herbivore animal whereas grasshopper belongs to the class chordates but both of them feed on greens.  

if grasshopper and sheep feeding on a pasture land, i do not think both of them will have any impact on each other. however, the number of the species can make difference. since sheep feed on greens, there is a possibility there left no pasture land for the grasshoppers or they may get extinct.

c is the correct answer hope this !