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1 .Electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein molecules based on their size and electrical charge.

2.Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate DNA fragments (or other macromolecules, such as RNA and proteins) based on their size and charge.

... [All DNA molecules have the same amount of charge per mass. Because of this, gel electrophoresis of DNA fragments separates them based on size only.]

3.Gel electrophoresis [ pls chck tiz answer!]

4.DNA is negatively charged, therefore, when an electric current is applied to the gel, DNA will migrate towards the positively charged electrode. Shorter strands of DNA move more quickly through the gel than longer strands resulting in the fragments being arranged in order of size.

5.A buffer is a solution that can resist pH change upon the addition of an acidic or basic components. It is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, thus maintaining the pH of the solution relatively stable.

High-quality buffers are an important part of electrophoresis. They allow a current to be carried through the sample while resisting pH changes in the overall solution.