Who knows about the medelian traits? i have a quiz and its hard

My question says on my assignment. read the following scenarios and decide which of the properties of life are being described. the first one is. katherine stopped on the way to school to grab some donuts. 2. because a dog cannot sweat, it has to pant in order to stay cool. 3. an elephant trun had no bone but 4,000 muscles. i have no idea what i am supposed to anwer. i can't find the answer in my notes or book that i can understand anyway

I’m doing some practice exam questions for biology, and i’m not sure how to do these 3 parts to the question.

Hurry which of these is true about index fossils? a) are very scarcely found b) used as guides in relative dating c) found in the youngest layer of the rock d) used as reference points in absolute dating