Why are young ruminants unable to use large quantities of roughage?

You have a solution that contains phospholipid vesicles in a test tube. these vesicles have phospholipid bilayers, but do not contain any membrane transporters. you add a number of different molecules to the solution, and wait a period of time for them to equilibrate. if you could measure the concentration of each molecule, for which of the following would you expect to measure equal concentrations inside and outside of the vesicles? assume for this question that the overall osmolarity inside and outside the vesicles is the same (that is, there is no appreciable diffusion of water across the membrane). (select two answers) an amino acid with a hydrophobic side-chain a small non-polar molecule a negatively charged ion a small polar molecule a small lipid hormone

Color blindness is a recessive trait. the gene for color blindness is on the x chromosome. the family tree below shows the trait of color blindness. the only unknown is the mother in the first generation

Which of the following explains why a tree is often used as a model to represent the principle of common descent