Coral reefs are ideal breeding grounds for a variety of fish and sea creatures, and coral is considered a foundation species. unfortunately, coral reefs are fragile ecosystems and are easily disrupted. because coral contain calcium carbonate deposits, one situation poses a growing threat to coral as well as the many organisms that are dependent on them. that situation is
a) the disappearance of certain species of fish due to overfishing.
eliminate
b) the deposition of calcium on the reefs, due to the leaching of calcium from dead organisms.
c) over exposure to sunlight due to the relatively shallow nature of the ocean around the reefs.
d) acidification of the ocean caused by increased atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions that dissolve in water.

You have a solution that contains phospholipid vesicles in a test tube. these vesicles have phospholipid bilayers, but do not contain any membrane transporters. you add a number of different molecules to the solution, and wait a period of time for them to equilibrate. if you could measure the concentration of each molecule, for which of the following would you expect to measure equal concentrations inside and outside of the vesicles? assume for this question that the overall osmolarity inside and outside the vesicles is the same (that is, there is no appreciable diffusion of water across the membrane). (select two answers) an amino acid with a hydrophobic side-chain a small non-polar molecule a negatively charged ion a small polar molecule a small lipid hormone

Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes excepta. smog production.b. food production.c. infection.d. o2 production.e. decomposition of organic material.

Indicate whether the following statements about the biases in the fossil record are true or false. a) inland species are more likely to be preserved than marine species b) organisms with hard body parts are more likely to be preserved than are those composed soft tissues. c) species that existed over a larger area are more likely to be preserved than species existing over a smaller area. d) organisms that lived very long ago are more likely to be found as fossils than organisms that lived relatively recently e) the fossils of larger organisms are more likely to be found than the fossils of smaller organisms