The energy value listed for foods refers to the a. total amount of chemical energy in the food
b. amount of energy available as fuel for the body
C. total nutritional value of the food
d
amount of carbohydrates

Enzymes are proteins that speed up reactions by providing an additional energy source supplying additional molecules for the reaction removing inhibitors that slow down reactions lowering the amount of energy required

The instructions for making proteins come originally from

Dna and rna share a number of similarities,but they also differ in certain aspects of their structure. wich nitrogenous base is found in rna but is not found in dna