1. Signal Transduction Pathways start with a in the form of a message that is into within the cell. 2. Two types: a. Protein b. cascade: a phosphate that has is passed from one chemical to another until it eventually has an action. 3. Example with G-Protein in the Liver: a. Messenger:

1. Message; chemical; transduced; actions.

2. Protein modification; phosphorylation cascade; energy.

3. Signal Transduction Pathways (STP).

Explanation:

Transduction can be defined as a process which typically involves the change of a signal message contained in the outside of a cell to a message within or inside the cell.  

1. Signal Transduction Pathways start with a message in the form of a chemical message that is transduced into actions within the cell.

2. The two types of Signal Transduction Pathways (STP):

a. Protein modification.

b. Phosphorylation cascade: a phosphate that has energy is passed from one chemical to another until it eventually has an action.

3. An example with G-Protein in the Liver: is a signal transduction pathway (STP).

a. Messenger: docks with the receptor, specifically the G protein receptor.

correct answer is a. and d.