Fill in the following flowchart to show the pathway of a red blood cell as journeys from the right ventricle to the brain.
lungs
right ventricle
left atrium
brain
What substance does haemoglobin in red blood cells form as the blood
through the lungs?

1. The pathway of a red blood cell from the right ventricle to the brain is:

Right ventricle → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → artery aorta → arterial vessels → brain .

2. The substance that forms hemoglobin in red blood cells when it passes through the lungs is oxyhemoglobin.

Explanation:

Red blood cells are structures present in the blood, whose function is to transport oxygen (O₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂). This process requires travel throughout the body, through the blood vessels, and gas exchange at the pulmonary and tissue level.

1. A red blood cell in the right ventricle contains carbon dioxide and must pass to the lungs to be oxygenated. The route it takes from there includes Right ventricle (minor circulation) → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle → (joining the major circulation) artery aorta → arterial vessels → brain .

2. The red blood cell or erythrocyte contains a molecule, called hemoglobin, which has an iron core that allows it to bind to O₂ and CO₂ in order to transport them. The affinity for one molecule or another depends on the presence of a certain gas in a certain place.

When the red blood cell passes through the lungs, the concentration of O₂ is higher than CO₂, so the latter is released and O₂ binds to hemoglobin, a conjugation that is called oxyhemoglobin.

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