These periodic changes on Earth are a result of the five major history that have occurred throughout Earth's A)ice ages
B)asteroid impacts
C)volcanic eruptions
D)periods of global warming

Changes sea level by 100 meters

Exposure of continental shelf

Changes in continental shelf composition

Mass extinctions of species in certain areas

Changes in the water cycle

Changes in landscape

Changes in topsoil characteristics

A. Ice Ages

Explanation:

These periodic changes on Earth are a result of the five major ICE AGES that have occurred throughout Earth's history

The five major Ice Ages that throughout the Earth's history we're the following:

1. the Huronian: this occurred around 2.4 billion years ago

2. Cryogenian: this followed Huronian age, and it occurred around the period of 850 million years

3. Agondean-Saharan: this major ice age occur around 460 million years ago.

4. Karoo this is a period of about 360 million years

5. Quaternary is the present age, and it has been in existence since about 2.6 million years ago till the moment

Hence, in this case, the correct answer is Ice Ages