Moving ions against a concentration gradient requires energy and results 2 points in uneven concentrations of the ions. ATP powers the pump, allowing it to
create and maintain
of these ions. *

concentration gradients
equilibrium
diffusion
osmosis

all these collisions do one thing, and that thing is explained in the last option. when dusst, rocks and ice collide, they harden and form giant layers of rocks or hard ice.

d)   to harden materials to form different parts of earth’s layers

hope it ,

bioteacher101

yes

explanation

they do and it slaps