2 Through blank
populations of organisms
adapt to their environments,

Through adaptations populations of organisms adapt to their environments.

Explanation:

Adaptation, in biology, the process by which a species becomes fitted to its environment; it is the result of natural selection's acting upon heritable variation over several generations.

the answer is d (apex) good luck : ))

emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.