Type of reproduction by which offspring arise from parents. The testis in the male produces male or ._ The ovary in the female produce female gametes or . Gametes (sex cells) are formed by .
Meiosis
A type of cell division that the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by and produces gamete cells.
Goes through many
Required to produce and cells for sexual reproduction
Asexual/Sexual Reproduction Notes
Mitosis vs Meiosis
Mitosis produces 2 cells, which are to the parents. (uniform)
Meiosis produces 4 cells, which contain some characteristics of the parent cell but are identical. (diverse)
Sexual Reproduction
A enters an during . Each gamete contains pairs of chromosomes.
The two fuse to form a zygote with pairs of chromosomes. Offspring appearance vary due to new combinations of .
Sexual Reproduction
The then divides by
It passes through different developmental to transform into a individual
The offspring are genetically different () to their parents
Advantages of Sexual Reproduction
Leads to genetic in new generations, which is fundamental for environmental
Organism is more – does not necessarily have the weakness of parent
Removes bad from the population
Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction
Organism must find a
Takes to reproduce
Can prevent favorable genes from being Produces offspring
Some Organisms Reproduce Both Ways
Some plants and animals can reproduce There are benefits to this adaptation. What might they be?
Plant examples: fungi, , daffodils
Animal examples: starlet sea anemone, jellyfish,
Asexual/Sexual Reproduction Notes
Mutations
A that occurs in the DNA sequence Causes changes in an organism – its , how it , and how it
Mutations are essential to – the raw material of genetic variation
Harmful Mutations
Sickle cell anemia

Albinism

Wingless Fruit Fly

Dwarfism
Mutations
Sickle cell anemia is a disease with severe symptoms
Caused by a the mutation of the gene that helps make (carries O2 to red blood cells)
The “R” is the gene and the “r”