Mutations . a
are always caused by frameshifts
b
are always random
c
always result in nonsense
d
always result in missense
e
are always silent

C. gemstones they are the only non metallic mineral from the list.

This is the most closely resembles the model. 

Volcanoes make new rocks so not ahotspots are the the stuff that makes volcanoes mid atlantic ridge(mar cause i’m lazy) is a constructive plate boundary so it makes sense that new rocks would be found near it, also the mar is in the middle of the ocean so it fits the description deep ocean trench, umm, there’s no ocean trenches to where you’re goingso the mar is most likely the answeri wouldn’t trust me but hey why not