What happens to an insect population when it is treated with a pesticide? _ What do the alleles for resistance let insects do? _

Over time, the _ of this allele _.

Do individuals change, or does the population change? _

What does it mean for a population to become resistant to a chemical?

_

What can bacteria become resistant to? _

MOA is the specific process by which an insecticide kills an insect, or inhibits its growth. Selection for resistance can occur if a small proportion of the insect population is able to survive treatment with insecticide. These rare resistant individuals can reproduce and pass on their resistance to the offspring.  The powerful resistance trait at higher frequencies reduces the selection against the L allele and allows it to spread to fixation.  The change in the population from births and deaths is often combined and referred to as natural increase or natural change. Populations grow or shrink depending on if they gain people faster than they lose them.  Any bacteria that acquire resistance genes, whether by spontaneous mutation or genetic exchange with other bacteria, have the ability to resist one or more antibiotics. Because bacteria can collect multiple resistance traits over time, they can become resistant to many different families of antibiotics. An organism may be resistant to a chemical when it contains a gene that allows it to break the chemical down into harmless substances. ... The survivors happen to have a gene that protects them from the pesticide. The surviving insects pass on the gene to their offspring.

Explanation:

characterization of nanoparticles is a critical step in nanomaterial production as it provides information of dimension, morphology, surface charge, distribution and degree of surface functionalization.

well, that's easy; the answer's c, "it reduces contamination of the water and substrate of the estuary."