In bacterial communities, where resources are often limited, survival requires the ability to sense, respond to, and cooperate or compete with neighboring organisms. In communities containing Burkholderia thailandensis bacteria, these abilities rely in part on contact-dependent communication with neighboring cells. This communication involves a signaling protein, protein S, that gets transported to the surface of the cell. When in direct physical contact with another bacterial cell, protein S is cleaved and internalized by the recipient cell, where it can act as a nuclease. There are different forms of protein S (e. g., S1, S2, S3) and different forms of an internal protein, protein R (e. g., R1, R2, R3). Recipient cells are protected from the nuclease activity of protein S if they produce the appropriate form of protein R. In an investigation, B. thailandensis strains were genetically engineered to produce different combinations of proteins S and R. The cells were placed in a nutrient-deficient medium (T=0 hours) and cultured for 4 hours (T=4 hours). The density of live cells in the culture was recorded at the two time points, T=0 hours and T=4 hours. The data are shown in Table 1.

Explain the effect of expressing only S1 on the cells in culture 1. Describe the effect of expressing combinations of protein S and protein R on the survival of the cells in culture 2 AND culture 3.

oak trees? ? what was listed

i believe the correct answer is the virus gets an envelope that contains host molecules when it leaves the host cell.

explanation:

during the bidding/release stage of a virus, it encapsulates itself with part of the membrane of the host cells in this case the cells of the monkey and is the reason as to why the scientist found the genetic material of the monkey on the viral cell surface.

further explanation

to understand this answer, we have to know the cycle a virus undergoes to replicate. a virus is basically a bunch of genetic material enclosed in a capsule and lacks any machinery or organelles to ensure their survival so they must enter a host cell in order to get the environment needed to survive. some viruses enter and lyse(destroy) the host cell after they have replicated and undergo the lytic cycle while some enter and leave the cell intact after replicating and these undergo a lysogenic cycle. to enter the cell, they undergo the first process called attachment by binding to specific receptors and co-receptors on the surface of the host cell. after attaching to the cell, they start the second phase called penetration where virus enters or is engulfed whole by the host cell through a process called endocytosis. it is the same process that a cell takes up materials it needs or pathogens around it. uncoating of the virus then happens after the virus has been engulfed and is the third stage. the virus then undergoes releasing of its genetic material in the host's matrix.   the materials then enter the nucleus and undergo biosynthesis by adding themselves in strands of rna being translated and then copies of the virus are produced in addition to the host genetic material. the material/newly formed viral material then undergoes assembly inside the host cell and form a capsule around them. the virus undergoes the last release/budding stage by binding to the host membrane and pushing outwards. in doing so when they tear away from the host membrane, they pick up the genetic material from the membrane of the host cell to form their envelope.

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level: high school

the  different  of  these  two  are  that  they  differently  handle  their  team.

an  expressive  leader  focuses  on  the  task  at  hand  and  make  sures  that  their  goal  is  achieved.  they  accurately  finish  the  task.  an  instrumental  leader  on  the  other  hand  works  on  the  unity  of  the  group,  they  care  more  about  their  employees.  all  the  while  creating  a  good  environment.