Monosaccharides can be grouped as aldehydes and kefone groups, explain their difference and similarities and list four examples both of them

see below

Explanation:  aldoses and ketoses differ in that aldoses have a terminal aldhyde group and ketoses have the -C-CO-C- ketone structure. Aldehydes are more reactive and can be oxidised directly to carboxylic acids. Ketones require the carbon chain to break at the carbonyl group. In cyclic form aldohexoses form a six member ring, ketohexoses a five member ring.

examples of aldoses

Threose CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHO

glyceraldehyde CH2OH-CHOH-CHO

mannose, glucose, altrose, allose etc CH2OH(CHOH)4-CHO

deoxyribose H-(CHOH)3-CH2-CH2OH

ketoses

dihydroxyacetone CHOH-CO-CHOH

ribulose, xylulose CH2OH-(CHOH)2-CO-CH2OH

sedoheptulose CH2OH-(CHOH)-CO-CH2OH

erythrulose CH2OH-CHOH-CO-CHOH

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