Which of the following must occur for speciation to happen

Groups of organisms with low biotic potential, such as gray whales, that produce at most one offspring every other year a) are r-selected b) are k-selected c) are not subject to density-dependent limiting factors d) show the initial stages of the extinction process e) have escaped from the processes of natural selection and adaptation

Can someone i have no idea of how to do this.

Which type of transport is responsible for oxygen entering into blood cells? a. vesicle b.passive c. facilitated d.active b.passive