1 point PART D: When crustaceans such as crabs are kept in seawater with a lower-than-normal pH,
ATP-requiring pumps that maintain ion gradients in the animals bodies significantly
increase their activity in comparison with normal levels. EXPLAIN how the increased use of
ATP by these pumps will most likely affect the ability of the animals to carry out other
metabolic reactions such as that catalyzed by PFK. *

i believe the answer is a or 1

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!