Examining different cells such as the plants, animal, and fungus cells. Identify the different organelles found in different cells and list the organelles and structures the characterize each of them.

Organelle is a sub-unit of cell and it is involved in performing specialized function within the cell. The type of organelles vary from organisms to organisms.

Explanation:

1. Centrioles are the cell organelles in which the spindle fibers are organized to which the chromosomes attach and mitotic division takes place. These are present only in animals and they are absent in plant and fungal cells.

2. Vacuoles are the storage organelles which store excess water, waste metabolites, sugars and other components in them. In plant cells they are of larger size whereas the vacuoles are small in size in case of the animal and fungal cells.

3. The plants cells and fungal cells have cell wall made up of cellulose (plants) and chitin (fungus) respectively. The cell wall is absent in animal cells.

4. The plant cells and fungal cells do not possess cilia and flagella for locomotion whereas animal cells have cilia and flagella.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.

it's not c. i took the quiz and got it wrong. so my best guess is b.

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