Biology question worth a grade

What are the types of mutations, and how does each alter the encoded protein? college level answer

My question says on my assignment. read the following scenarios and decide which of the properties of life are being described. the first one is. katherine stopped on the way to school to grab some donuts. 2. because a dog cannot sweat, it has to pant in order to stay cool. 3. an elephant trun had no bone but 4,000 muscles. i have no idea what i am supposed to anwer. i can't find the answer in my notes or book that i can understand anyway

The main ingredient of magma is a pahoehoe. b silca c dissolved gases d obsidian