Can we conclude that President Thomas Jefferson could have fathered Sally Heming's son Eston using the Y chromosome if we know that President Thomas Jefferson's maternal uncle and Eston Hemings Jeffson have the same Y chromosome? No

Yes

nucleic acid molecules are incredibly complex, containing the code that guarantees the four different nucleotide units comprise dna, the nucleic acid of interest to the genealogist. and one of four nitrogen-containing molecules called nucleotides

both male and female gametes are produced by meiosis of the germ cells. therefore, both male and female gametes are haploid. one male and one female gamete unite during the fertilization to form the diploid zygote. in seed bearing plants, pollen grain is the male gametophyte, which produces sperm cells.