6. One function of gel electrophoresis is to a. separate DNA fragments. c. recombine DNA.
b. cut DNA. d. extract DNA.
7. Fragments of DNA having complementary “sticky ends”
a. are found only in bacterial cells.
b. can join with each other.
c. can join only with complementary fragments of the same species.
d. are immediately digested by enzymes in the cytoplasm of the cell.
8. Genetic screening can help determine a person's risk of passing on a genetic disorder through a combination
of family history and
a. DNA microarrays. c. recombinant DNA.
b. gene knockouts. d. DNA testing.
9. What is a clone?
a. a mouse that has had some of its genes "turned off"
b. a ring of bacterial DNA with foreign DNA inserted
c. a genetically engineered organism with new traits
d. a genetically identical copy of a gene or organism
10. Selective breeding produces
a. more offspring. c. the best traits in offspring.
b. fewer offspring. d. transgenic organisms.
11. The crossing of buffalo and cattle to produce beefalo is an example of
a. inbreeding. b. hybridization. c. genetic
engineering.
d. transformation.
12. Which of the following is most likely to bring together two recessive genes for a genetic defect?
a. Inbreeding c. Making hybrids
b. Genetic Engineering d. Removing DNA
13. A strand of DNA formed by the splicing of DNA from two different species is called
a. determinant RNA. c. plasmid DNA.
b. recombinant DNA. d. restriction RNA.
14. Which of the following technologies uses electricity to sort DNA fragments based on their sizes?
a. genetic screening c. DNA microarrays
b. gel electrophoresis d. genetic engineering
15. The purpose of genetic engineering is to
a. develop safer pesticides. c. give organisms new traits.
b. reduce Earth's biodiversity. d. study obesity and cancer.
16. Cutting out a gene from one organism and inserting it into the DNA of a different organism is called:
a. selective breeding. c. inbreeding.
b. genetic engineering. d. karyotyping.
17. If only a small amount of DNA was collected from a crime scene, additional copies could be made using:
a. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). c. gene therapy.
b. gel electrophoresis. d. a restriction enzyme.
18. To cut out a specific gene and insert it into another requires the use of
a. a DNA fingerprint. c. gel electrophoresis.
b. a restriction enzyme. d. PCR.
19. Genetic engineering is possible because all organisms are based on the same
a. DNA copies. b. genetic code. c. plasmid loops. d. proteins.
20. Plasmids
a. are circular pieces of bacterial DNA.
b. can replicate independently of the organism’s main chromosome.
c. are often used as vectors in genetic engineering experiments.
d. All of the above