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Two true-breeding pea plants were crossed. one parent is round, terminal, violet, constricted, while the other expresses the respective contrasting phenotypes of wrinkled, axial, white, full. the four pairs of contrasting traits are controlled by four genes, each located on a separate chromosome. in the f1 only round, axial, violet, and full were expressed. in the f2, all possible combinations of these traits were expressed in ratios consistent with mendelian inheritance. (a) what conclusion about the inheritance of the traits can be drawn based on the f1 results? (b) in the f2 results, which phenotype appeared most frequently? what mathematical expression predicts the probability of occurrence of this phenotype? (c) which f2 phenotype is expected to occur least frequently? what mathematical expression predicts this probability? (d) in the f2 generation, how often is either of the p1 phenotypes likely to occur? express your answer as a fraction (example: 3/16).

The tasmanian devil, a marsupial carnivore, is facing extinction due to devil facial tumor disease (dftd) which causes bulging cancerous lumps and lesions to erupt around the face and neck — often causing enough deformation to make seeing or eating difficult. dftd has evolved into a contagious cancer, a trait that is unique among cancers. devil mating behavior involves biting around the head and neck, allowing cells from one individual — especially cells from the crumbly dftd tumors — to be transferred to the wounds or face of a new individual. this marsupial was once found across australia, but sea levels rose, isolating the tasmanian population, while the australian population went extinct. what would be an outcome of genetic isolation that is likely to have impacted the spread of dftd? a) reduced territory puts diseased individuals in greater contact with non-diseased ones. b) inbreeding results in less variation in facial features so the cancer is generally fatal. c) genetic isolation has made it difficult for scientists to develop a vaccine against dftd. d) the lack of genetic variation in the immune system of tasmanian devils minimizes resistance to the disease.

The reactions that occur in the ribosome, where amino acids are combined to form proteins are anabolic or catabolic?