How does water vapor in the atmosphere form clouds keeping in mind the gain or loss of thermal energy?

Clouds form when the invisible water vapor in the air condenses into visible water droplets or ice crystals. For this to happen, the parcel of air must be saturated, i.e. unable to hold all the water it contains in vapor form, so it starts to condense into a liquid or solid form.

Explanation:

not sure if this helped but yea

c. heat from the poles back down towards the equator.