The heritability of VO2max in sedentary individuals and one's ability to improve VO2max as a result of endurance exercise training is approximately . This finding is supported, in part, by the , one of the first and largest studies conducted to date investigating genetics and exercise training responses. 75% | Heritage Family study 15-20% | Heritability of VO2max study 47-50% | Heritability Genetics Family study 15-20% | Heritage Family study 47-50% | Heritage Family study

Scenario #2 in 2001, a population of 2,500 poison dart frogs lived in the amazon rain forest. due to increased deforestation, the population dwindled to 25 frogs in 2019. new government regulations were enacted in 2022, successfully putting an end to the deforestation of the amazon rain forest. once deforestation was stopped, the poison dart frog population was able to recover. by 2050, the population reached 8,000 frogs, of that population, 20 are homozygous recessive for being spotted (ss genotype). q2- ? q- p- p2- 2pq-