Disebut apakah kesatuan dari seluruh anggota komunitas yg membentuk hubungan timbal balik dengan lingkungan abiotiknya

frogs. the lower the ph the higher the acid content. frogs have the highest tolerance in this scenario.

1. efficient use of space

2. elimination of groundwater contamination

3. energy generation

4. lower carbon footprint

step 1: nitrogen fixation- conversion of atmospheric no₂ into forms useful to plants by lightning, bacteria, and cyanobacteria.

step 2: nitrification-process of converting ammonia to nitrite or nitrate.

step 3: assimilation-plant roots absorb new form of nitrogen.

step 4: ammonification-conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia by bacteria involved in decomposition.

step 5: denitrification-bacteria turns the decomposed matter back into n₂o, which is released into atmosphere; repeat cycle.

in 1859, charles darwin set out his theory of evolution by natural selection as an explanation for adaptation and speciation. he defined natural selection as the "principle by which each slight variation [of a trait], if useful, is preserved".