1. Place the letters in the correct order for DNA replication (a, b, c): ___ a. Daughter strands are formed using complementary base pairing.

b. DNA unwinds

c. The DNA of the daughter strands winds together with its parent strand.
2.Why is DNA replication called “semi-conservative”? ___
3.What enzyme unwinds or unzips the parent strand? ___
4.What enzyme connects the new bases to the old bases in the DNA template? ___
5.___DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

a. each with two new strands

b. one with two new strands and one with 2 original strands

c. each with two original strands
d. each with one new strand and one original strand

6.___DNA replication is said to be semiconservative because:

a. both RNA and DNA synthesis are involved in the process.

b. part of the telomere is lost during each round of replication.

c. a new double helix contains one old and one new strand.

d. each new strand is complementary, not identical, to its template

organ system-an organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. each does a particular job in the body, and is made up of certain tissues.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.

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