2.
At which moon phase(s) would there be the most debris visible? Why?

From a new Moon, when the Moon is situated in orbit between the Earth and the Sun with its dark side in shadow facing towards us, the amount of lunar surface visible from the Earth increases through waxing crescent, first quarter and waxing gibbous phases until it becomes full.

What is the question? if you were looking to design a method of separating something, you can separate this compound by putting both in water and allowing the water to dissolve the sugar. then pour it into another beaker and evaporate it then boom! salt and sugar : )