Why are only inherited traits not acquired ones involved in the process of natural selection

Up until 1938, paleontologists accepted the idea that coelacanths (an ancient fish) went extinct at the time that they last appear in the fossil record, about 80 million years ago. but in 1938, a live coelacanth was discovered off the coast of south africa that was compared to the fossil record and found to be the same species what goal of science does this discovery represent

Body temperature is tightly regulated in mammals for example when external temperatures drop too much the body of a mammal responds by in order to its core temperature?

In this assignment, you will analyze an example of speciation by researching the finches of the galapagos islands. then you will answer questions to construct explanations and draw conclusions based on the information you gather. someone plz !