Amolecule with a structure composed primarily of amino acids would be classified in what group?

All but one describes an effect of aging on the digestive system. a) decreased acid secretion b) decreased elasticity of stomach c) capacity to resist damage decreases d) food remains in stomach for less time

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Will ! a cell containing a 3% sucrose solution is placed into a beaker containing a 7% sucrose solution. assume the cell’s membrane is permeable to water, but not permeable to the sucrose. where will the water diffuse? explain.