What is the general name for the first species to grow after a volcanic eruption covers an area with lava?

Hello there.

Question: What is the general name for the first species to grow after a volcanic eruption covers an area with lava?

 The general name would be Primary Succession.Lava is a really hot substance that destroys most things.It comes out of the ground during a volcanic eruption. 

In short, Your answer is Primary Succession.

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option a is correct i.e.

only sodium ions can pass through the membrane.

explanation:

in context to the membrane of nerve impulse, the outer membrane of neuron is semi permeable that is only sodium ions can pass through the membrane i.e. smaller ions can pass through the membrane while larger ions cannot pass through it.