In a compost pile, food and dry leaves are broken down into simpler substances by bacteria and fungi. what carbon scyle process is at work

Which is an advantage of having memory cells when a pathogen is encountered for a second time. a) the memory cells are what proliferate into clones of cells in response to the binding of an antigen. b) memory cells are vital to the primary immune response in that they immediately recognize pathogens even at the first encounter. c) memory cells are essentially effector cells that are short lived and attack antigens even without having a receptor specific to that antigen. d) it ensures that more lymphocytes with a receptor specific to a particular antigen will be present than in a host that had never encountered that pathogen.

About how many years does it take for one cycle of surface water to become deep water and then surface water again in the oceans? 101001,000

What is required in the genotype of an individual to show a recessive trait? a.two recessive alleles b.at least one recessive allele c.no recessive alleles