Carlos and veronica lead very similar lifestyles. they both run every day and eat healthily, but they both have smoked since they were 16. carlos was diagnosed with lung cancer when he was 48, but veronica never got cancer.

which most likely explains why carlos got cancer but veronica did not?

1 veronica leads a healthier lifestyle than carlos.
2 carlos has a gene for cancer that was triggered.
3 veronica has a gene for cancer that carlos does not.
4 carlos leads a healthier lifestyle than veronica.

(2). Carlos has a gene for cancer that was triggered.

Explanation:

Both Carlos and Veronica have smoked, but only Carlos was diagnosed with cancer at later stages. This is because of Carlos had higher risk for developing cancer.

It is defined genetic predisposition, which represents an increase susceptibility of developing a disease based on genetic makeup of a person. It might possible that Carlos has a gene for lung cancer that was triggered due to smoking as tobacco contains mutation-causing agents, and caused cancer.

For example, people having mutation in one copy of gene p53 (a tumor suppressor gene) have higher chances of developing cancer as mutation in another copy of this gene can induce cancer.

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