On a global scale, energy ecosystems whereas chemical elements ecosystems. on a global scale, energy ecosystems whereas chemical elements ecosystems. is biologically magnified in are recycled in is dissipated in flow through flows through are recycled in is continuously supplied to are continuously removed from is recycled in flow through

Salmonella typhimurium is a food-borne bacterial pathogen that can cause severe gastrointestinal disease. salmonella is often phagocytosed by macrophages that normally destroy bacterial pathogens, but this bacterium is somehow able to prevent the complete maturation of phagolysosomes. salmonella is able to tolerate the low ph of phagolysosomes, and in fact responds to the drop in ph by secreting toxins that interfere with other cellular responses. which of the following differences would you expect to contribute to the survival of a bacterium within an salmonella-containing phagosome, compared to a healthy phagolysosome? decreased activity of acid hydrolases increased activity of acid hydrolases decreased import of h+ ions increased import of h+ ions my guess is decreased activity of acid hydrolases but i'm not sure.

Parasitism could be considered a form of which of these types of relationships? -mutualism -commensalism -predator-prey -mimicry

What are the responsibilities of the region of the brain highlighted below? =+= will rate brainiest =+=