Aspecies that has experienced a severe bottleneck event would be expected to a. be better able to adapt to changing environmental pressures b. have few instances of inbreeding c. be more susceptible to disease and famine d. retain significant genetic diversity

The right answer is C. be more susceptible to disease and famine.

A population bottleneck (also known as a genetic bottleneck) is, in the study of biological evolution, an event corresponding to the fact that a substantial proportion of the population of a species disappears or is prevented from to reproduce. There is a significantly different type of demographic bottleneck called the founder effect, which occurs when a subset of a population is, at least as far as reproduction is concerned, isolated from the main group.

Population bottlenecks (or bottlenecks) thus reduce genetic diversity, and hence the ability of people to adapt to new environmental constraints such as climate change, or a decline in available resources. This genetic drift can eliminate certain alleles that could, by natural selection, allow the species to adapt.

cells use diffusion to get substances in and out of themselves. that diffusion will occur across the cell membrane or the outer covering of the cell. because we are talking about the surface of the cell, surface area and volume are  important factors here. as a cell increases in size, its surface area and volume increase as well.  we call that the surface area to volume ratio (sa: vol).  but the catch is that  volume increases at a greater rate than surface  area. in other words, as a cell gets bigger, the sa: vol gets smaller. so a really small cell like bacteria is mostly cell membrane (surface) with very little contents (volume). a really big cell like an egg, is mostly insides with a super thin membrane. so what ends up happening is that the cell cannot efficiently diffuse all of the stuff it needs in/out to survive. therefore cell size is limited to about 100mm. so how do we make organisms bigger than 100mm? cells divide! by dividing and becoming multicellular, organisms are able to grow!   check out the diagrams i attached to see the effect of sa: vol. i hope this ! good luck!